Vitrectomy is also performed to treat complications of cataract surgery such as postoperative endophthalmitis, and is also used to treat retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, macular hole, vitreous hemorrhage, and other complications.

　Vitrectomy has made great strides in recent years, and safety has improved dramatically over the years. Nevertheless, the surgical technique remains extremely difficult, and there is a possibility of various postoperative complications.

　Even if the surgery is successful, vision may not improve. In fact, vision may even worsen. This is because, even if the goals of the surgery, such as treatment of retinal detachment or removal of epiretinal membrane, are achieved, it may not be possible to fully restore the retinal function. Therefore, it is recommended that the patient undergoes surgery only after a thorough understanding of the disease and the surgical procedure.